Telegraph translator and circuits therefor



fly s, 1924.

A. D. CARDWELL TELEGRAPH TRAN-SLATOR AND CIRCUITS THEREFOR Filed Feb. 2, 1917 @513 GHQ 61401 Patented July 8, 1 924,

ALLEN D. CARDWELL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 AMERICAN TELE- GRAPH TYPE-WRITER COMPANY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

,, TELEGRAPH TRANSLATOR AND CIRCUITS THEREFOR.

Application filed February 2, 1917. Serial No. 146,193.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALLEN D. ,GABDWELL, a citizen of the United States, and resident of New York city, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraph Translators and Circuits Therefor, of which the following is a. specification.

My invention has reference to improvements in electric circuits adapted for the transmission of signals from one station to another, and has particular reference to circuits utilized in telegraph typewriting systems, objects of my invention being to simplify certain circuits that control magnets that cause the transmission and reception of signals at transmitting and receiving stations respectively on the line, and to prevent repeated operation of the transmitting translator in case an operating or transmitting key or bar-remains depressed or operated, and to prevent repeated operation of the receiving translator in case there is trouble on the line, a further object of my invention being to divorce the starting means from the operating or working means so that there shall be no reaction from one circuit to the other.

In my application for Letters Patent filed Sept. 5, 1914,.Serial No. 860,818, as well as in my applications filed Nov. 16, 1914, Serial No. 872,320, and filed Nov. 3, 1915, Serial'No. 64,427, I have set forth telegraph typewriter systems wherein, by means. of 'a keyboard located at the transmitting station, contacts and combinations of contacts corre* 'sponding to various characters to be printed are controlled by the operator. A transmitting translator is provided at such station having a normally inactive magnet adapted, to be operated upon a starting signal being sent from the keyboard, to cause operation of devices to actuate cont-acts for transmitting desiredsignals in sequence to one or more receiving translators. The receiving translator or translators are controlled by a relay or relays on the line that extends between stations, (or by Whatever means of connectionis utilized between the stations). The receiving translator or translators are started substantially with the starting of the transmitting translator, such translators then operating substantially isoohronously, the receiving translator or translators serving to close its or their contacts at the receiving station or stations in order to apply such contacts to use for Work, such as for the operation of a printer or typewriting machine.

In my aforesaid systems I provide, at the transmittingand receiving stations, a doubly-wound relay, one winding of which serves to break the starting circuit of the corresponding translator magnet, when the latter. is operated, and to establish a holding circuit through the other winding of such relay, which then serves to maintain the holding circuit closed in case such circuit is not broken at the termination of a signal, the circuit of such relay being, however, intended to be broken at the termination of such signal. .lVith particular reference to my aforesaid systems my present invention has reference to doing away with such relays, and to provide simple and direct acting means for maintaining the working circuits of the transmitting and receiving translators during the cycles of operations, and, in case an operating key at the transmitting keyboard remains depressed, or in case there is trouble on the line, (such as the line being broken between stations), to prevent repeated operation of either of such translators, either until such key is released or the line is restored.

In the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an electric circuit system embodying my invention, and Figs. 2 and 3 are details hereinafter referred to.

- In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated an electric circuit system adapted for use in the operation of a telegraph typewriting mechanism, wherein a transmitting station is indicated generally at A and a receiving station generally atv B, the transmitting translating mechanism being diagrammatically represented at station A and the receiving transmitting mechanism diagranr matically represented at station B. Similar sets of mechanism may be locatedat both stations for transmitting and receiving messages between such stations, or several reg'etlier, At 21'fis a cam shaft of the transceiving translators at one or more stations may be connected on the line with a single transmitting station, or with several transmitting stations. At the transmitting or sending station A, means are provided for closing the circuit at a plurality of contacts in the-required manner to transmit the required series or groups of impulses for the signals sent on the line. In the example illustrated five such'contacts are provided as indicated at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, the contact 6 being adapted to cause the transmitting mechanism to start for.sending such organized sigrials on the line. Said contacts are shown arranged in normally open pairs, any suitable means being adapted to close such contacts'in the required combinations, the con tact "6 being closed for each character or signal Mechanism for such purpose is set forth in my aforesaid application Serial No. 860,318, but other suitable devices may be utilized, if preferred, for causing the operation of the contacts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. At Z is indicated amagnet that is caused to be operated upon the closing of contact at 6, for

retaining operated the devices that cause the transmission of a signal, which may be accomplished in accordance with the devices set forth in my last named application, wherebywhen the circuit is broken after each series or groups of impulses have been sent on the line, magnet Z will release the operating devices to permit all the aforesaid contacts ,to open. The closing of circuit at 6 causes starting of the transmitting and receiving translator mechanisms, which transmitting translator is intended to send the impulses on the line in accordance with the closing of contacts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, according 'to the series or group of impulses to be sent for a given character. The transmitting translator is provided with normally closed contact 6', adapted for the passage of a starting signal from contact 6, and also with contacts 1,..2, 3, 4, 5 for causing transmission of impulses over line to relay 51 at the receiving station, according to the contacts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, which may have been closed upon the operation of the transmitting keyboard. I havev showncontacts .6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 connected with a relay R one side of which isfgrounded. The armature of relay R normally engages, contact. 50 and said armature is also connected through. battery ground, whereby relay 51. is normally energized, and isflcontrolled byv relay R.

"""Thecontactsl, 2, 3., 4, 5, 6,'are shown .connectedhy suitable wiring through battery 9 to ground'10, the contacts 1,1, 2,2, 3,-3,.4,4, 5,5,being shown respectively connected toinitting translator, havinga cam, such as 21f, 2 1, 21, etc, for. each of the contacts 11-", 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, arranged around the shaft to successively operate said contacts,

signal.

(Fig. 3). Said shaft is adapted to be operated by suitable mechanism controlled by- In Figure 2 shaft 21 is shown proyided with a toothed wheel 26 adapted to be operated by a pair of spring acting pawls 24 and 25, carried by arm 23 operatively connected with armature 22 of magnet 22, whereby operation of the magnet will cause step by step rotation of cam shaft 21, the arrangement being such that for each stroke of the armature the shaft will be rotated the distance of a portion of a tooth of wheel 26, so that for each to and fro movement of the armature the cam shaft will be stepped a distance equal to one tooth of wheel 26. Overthrow of wheel 26 on the forward stroke of the, armature is prevented by stop 29 coacting with pawl 24. On the reverse stroke of the armature overthrow movement of wheel 26 is prevented by engagement of pawl 25 with the stop 28. WVheel 26 is shown provided with twelve teeth, whereby the cam shaft may be stepped twenty-fourtimes for each. complete cycle of operation for a In accordance with the arrangements illustrated it will be understood that as circuit is closed and opened successively at contacts 6, 1, 2, ,3, 4, 5, for each rotation of cam shaft 21, current will be transmitted to the contacts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5' from any'of the contacts 1, 2, 3,4, 5 which may have been closed by the operation of the key of the transmitting keyboard for a given signal, and that no current will be sent'on the line through the contacts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 whose corresponding contacts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 have not then been closed. The cam shaft is rotated a complete rotation, step by step, each time a signal is sent upon theidepression of a key at the keyboard, and then comes to rest until the same. key is again depressed or another key is depressed. Upon cam shaft 21 is a unison cam 31the purpose of which is to insure a completerotation of the cam shaft fori'every operation of the transmitting keyboard. Magnet 22 is in. a local circuit including normally closedcontact 32 shown carriedby springs .33, 34, sup} ported upon suitable: insulation. Magnet Z is connected to groundv and to spring 34.

A contact lever or arm 37 carries insulation at 39 adapted to operate uponspring 34 to break the circuit at contact 32, to open the local circuit of the translator magnet 22, which parts may be constructed ,andoperated in accordance with my Letters Patent No. 1,194,337, dated August 15', 1916, the cone3 such stroke of armature 22 to permit contact 32 to again close each time magnet 22 is deenergized. The unison cam 31 is shown provided with a single tooth -31 adapted, in

the normal position of rest, to engage a tooth on a spring 46, the latter being suitably insulated from the other parts andin electrical contact with spring34, whereupon,

upon the first forward movement of shaft 21, the tooth 31 passes from tooth 45 and allows contact 47 on spring 46 to engage contact 48. In my application referred to above, a unison cam is shown mounted upon the rotating translator shaft, but the arrangement of the present application embodies an entirely different mode of operation and control as regards the starting and stopping of the apparatus from that of the apparatus shown in my earlier application. In the apparatus of the present application, the contact 48 is carried by a movable spring-acting arm 48", connected by a wire 48, with the battery 9, and the contact is thus mechanically closed. Said battery'is connected to one side of contact 6. The opposite side of contact 6 is connected by a wire 6 to a spring actuated arm 52 having a contact 53 normally in engagement or contact with spring or arm 46. At 55 is a contact also normally in engagement with spring 46 and carried by a spring-actuated arm 55 that is shown connected to resistance 56 and lamp 57 and with the same terminal of magnet 22 to which spring33 is connected. A stop a normally retains arm 48 in position to be engaged by contact 47 when spring 46 is released by unison cam 31, and stops 5, d, normally spaced from arms52, 55 are in position to arrest said arms. The arrangementis such that when spring 46 isreleased by the unisoncam, the contacts 53 and 55" will remain in engagement with said spring and follow the same until engagement is made 'at 47 with contact 48,;and then arms 52 and 55 will-be arrestedby stops 6 and d and spring 46 will continue to move to break contact at53, 55 while retaining closed the contact at 47, 48. When the unison cam next engages tooth 45 and causes return movement of spring 46 contact will be'made between 46 and 53, 55* before contact is broken Since, inthe example under consideration, thennison cam 'rotates'once for each series orfgro'up of signals s men the line in the PlQductioni of a character, contact will al be closed at 46, 53, 55* when the unison cam is at rest, and" contact will always be closed at 47, 48 while the unison cam rotates, after it releases tooth 45 to establish a working circuit-for magnet 22 through contact 32. When contact is closed at 6. as by the operation of a key or universal bar of the transmitting keyboard, current will flow from battery 9, through 6, 53, 46, 34, 32,33, and magnet 22 to ground 61. Thercupon the armature 22 will cause rotation of cam shaft 21, whereupon tooth 31 will release tooth 45, to cause contact to be made at 47, 48, the circuit through the magnet being maintained closed at 52. 46, temporarily and then broken only after contact is closed at 47, 48, as before stated. The working ci-rcuit for the magnet then will be from battery 9 through 48", 48*, 48, 47, 46, 34. 32, 33, magnet 22, to ground 61, the circuit of the magnet being broken at 32 as the magnet operates in accordance with the mechanism set forth in my aforesaid applications Serial Nos. 860,318 and 64,427 and my aforesaid Patent No. 1,194,357. The circuit also is established from 46 through magnet Z, until the unison cam causes breaking of the circuit at 47, 48, and closes circuit at 53, 46, 55 and the magnet will be de-energized if the operated key has been released in accordance with the ordinary operations thereof. If, however, said key or a universal bar should be held depressed, the unison cam, having caused breaking of the circuit at 47, 48 and closing of the circuit at 53, 46, 55 by the action of tooth 31 on tooth 45, magnet 22 will remain energized on the last energized stroke of its armature, after contact 32 has been opened on such stroke since a holding circuit will be established from battery 9, through 53, 46, 55 55, 56, signal 57, and the magnet to ground 61, thereby preventing repeated operation of the transmitting translator. lVhen said key or universal bar is next released magnet 22 will be de-energized and its armature will then cause the cam shaft to take its final step for the cycle of operations, and to close contact 6 preparing it for the next starting signal, by

reason of the action of the corresponding cam. The tooth 31 still remains in engagement with tooth 45, maintaining member 46 in electrical contact with springs 52 and 55.

I have shown an inductance bridged around the magnet in conjunction with a condenser C, as set forth in my application Serial No. 872,320, which inductance may be in the nature of a variable inductance as set forth in my said application, whereby the periodicity of the energization of magnet 22 may hecontrolled and Varied.

It will be noted, as beforestated, since contact 6 is normally closed, that as soon as contact6 is closed, a circuit will be established from ground 10 through battery 9, contact 6, wire 6?, contact 53, and spring 46, through magnet Z, and in shunt therewith circuit will be through contact 6, and relay R to ground R, causing operation of relay R. As long as relay R is operated the line circuit will be open at ,thereby permitting line relay or relays 51 at the receiving station or stations to become de-energized and to close the local circuit at- 54 for the purpose of starting the receiving translator or translators, as will be hereinafter more fully explained. 'Such starting signal or impulse will continue until the transmitting translator is operated and has opened contact 6. hen contact 6 is opened, as by the operation of cam shaft 21, the relay R will be de-energized, causing its armature to close circuit at 50, whereupon relay 51 at a receiving translator or stationwill be energized to break the local circuit at 54.

The circuits and devices I have illustrated at the receiving station E are substantially the same as those above described, the circuit for the receiving translator being con trolled by relay 51 on main line 50,'in accordance with the signals or impulses sent on the line from the transmitting translator. The armature 51 ofrelay 51 is shown spring operating and normally, by reason of current flowing from battery S through relay 51, out of contact with a contact 54 that is connected by wire 54 with spring acting arm 52 having contact 53 normally in engagement with contact spring 46. Said spring is normally connected to ground through contact 55 contact spring 55,'resistance 56, lamp 57, and magnet 22' of the receiving translator, and also contact spring v46 is connected to ground through contact spring 34, contact 32, spring 33 and magnet 22. At A is indicated a magnet connected to' ground and to back stop contact 54, through wire 54, which magnet may be utilized as a selectivemagnetin a receiving translator, such as used in the operation of a telegraph typewriting machine, as in. accordance with the construction set forth in myaforesaid application Serial No. 64,427. The armature 51 is shown connect-edby .wire 67 with spring acting arm 48 carrying contact 48, the arm normallybeing limited in its movement toward spring46 by the stop a. The cam shaft 21 of the receiving translator, having cams arranged snbstantially as described with respect to shaft 21 of the transmitting translatorymay be rotated step by step by means of pawls and a toothed wheel operated by the armature of magnet 22 in manner described with respect to Fig. 2, for imparting to shaft 21 .step by step rotation corresponding to that of shaft 21. The unison cam 31 on cam shaft 21 of the receiving translator has the tooth 31 adapted to coact with the tooth 45 on spring 46 in a manner described with respect to the transmitting translator. The spring34 is connected with spring 46 and spring 33' is connected with magnet 22, the contact at 32.;being between said springs when normally closed. Battery 58' is connected to relay armature 51 and to ground. The inductance 60 and condenser Care arranged and operate as described with respect to inductance 60 and condenser C.

'With the arrangements described, when a key of the keyboard is operated for-transmitting a desired signal to a receiving translator, contact 6 will be closed for the purpose of starting the operation of the transmitting'translator as well as fon starting operation of the receiving translator through their respective starting circuits in manner before described. Upon the closing of contact 6 relay Rwill be operated to cause a starting signal to be initiated on line 50 for causing the closing of the local circuit at 54 at the receiving station, and thereafter, inasmuch as contacts 1, 2', 3, 4, 5' are closed andopened in successi0n, f0r a signal, the local contact at 54 will be opened and closed in accordance with the operation of relay R as controlled by various contacts 1, 2,3, 4, 5 as selected, or that may have been closed, by the operation of the particular key depressed, in conjunction with the successive closing of their respective contacts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5*, in accordance with the desired character to'be transmitted to the receiving station or stations. In other words, during the transmission of a signal, the relay R will operate only in accordance with V such of the contacts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, that may have been operated by the action of a'key or universal bar of the keyboardv depressed. Whenever relay 51 is operated by'reason of the operation ofrelay R, as last described, and contact is "established thereby between 51 and 54, selective magnet A will be operated for a desired purpose, such as for the operation of appropriate devices for selection of a desired character-to be printed on ay printer or typewriting machine,;su'ch as with respect to magnet A: set forth in my aforesaid application Serial No...64,427."-The closing'of contact between 51 and 54 will cause the starting of thesreceiving translator, when the translator is in the normal position illustrated, as'when spring 46f is in electrical contact with spring 52.- As soon as the cam shaft of the receiving translator has started to rotate, further operation of contact 54 during a signal willbe without effect on the rotation of the camshaft, or the control, 'of. the receiving translator, .other than to cause operation of magnet-Apand would be caused at the receiving translator by reason of anopened line50...,If line 50 be retained open, near the termination of the transmission of a given signal, then when the twelfth tooth of'ratchet 26 of the receiving tran h s, bee .firets re tedb in pawl 24-, the magnet 22 of the receiving and the magnet is kept energized to prevent further automatic control of the magnet, through contact 32 until contact 54 is again opened, as by reason of the restoration of line 50 to normal. NVhen' the last named conditions arise the magnet 22 Will be in normal condition ready for further operation in the usual Way. It Will be thus ap parent that in accordance with my present improvements it is unnecessary to utilize a relay or magnet, additional to the magnet 22 or 22, to prevent continued operation of the latter, in case its controlling contact 6 or its controlling line 50 be closed or opened respectively, for a period longer than required for the actual transmission or reception of a group of signals for producing the desired operation, since the magnet 22 or 22 is utilized as follows :'to provide a starting circuit for itself; to break-the, starting circuit after it has started; to establish a working circuit for itself; to establish a holding circuit for itself; to retain itself locked against further operation until such holding circuit has been broken, and then to restore its start ing circuit to normal to be in position'to be in uenced by the succeeding starting signal or impulse.

When the holding circuit for magnet 22 at the transmitting translator is held closed by the retention closedof contact 6, such fact Will be indicated by signal-57, since at such time the Working circuit of magnet 22 Will bebroken at contact 32, as before explained, and all of the current. tending to hold ma net 22 operated will flow through signalfn.

When the holding circuit of the receiving translator is held closedat contact 54, suchfact Will be indicated by signal 57', since at such time the Working circuit of magnet 22 Will be broken at contact 32, and all of the current tending to hold magnet 22 operated will flow through signal 57. It thus Will be seen that a continued depression of a key or universal bar on the keyboard, or an abnormal condition of the line 50, will be indicated by their respective signals at 57 or 57, the corresponding translator at such time being still held locked on its then closed. holding circuit.

Having now described my invention What I claim is 1. A translator of the class described comprising a magnet, a starting circuit, a Working circuit, and a holding circuit for the magnet, means to make and break said starting circuit at will, means controlled by the magnet to close the Working circuit and to break the starting circuit of the magnet after the magnet has started, said means establishing the holding circuit for the magnet in case the first named means is closed at the termination of a cycle of operations of the magnet. 1

2. A translator of the class described comprising a magnet, a starting circuit, a Working circuit and a holding circuit for the magnet, means to, make and break said starting circuit at Will, means controlled by the magnet to close the Working circuit and to break the starting circuit of the magnet after the magnet has started, said means establishing the holding circuit for the mag net in case the first named means is closed at the termination of a cycle of operations of the magnet, and a signal in said holding circuit to indicate the operation thereof.

3. A translator of the class described comprising a magnet, a starting circuit and a working circuit for the magnet, a contact to control the starting circuit, means controlled by the magnetto close the Working circuit and to break the starting circuitof the magnet upon closing of said contact, said means serving to break the Working circuit in case said starting circuit is closed at the termination of a cycle of operations of the magnet.

4. A translator of the class described comprising a magnet, a starting circuit, a Working circuit and a holding circuit for the magnet, a manually controlled contact for the starting circuit, said circuit having another contact, means controlled by the mag net to break the last named contact of the starting circuit and to close the Working circuit, said means serving to break the Working circuit and. to close the last named .contact in the holding circuit in case the first named contact be closed at the termination of a cycle of operations of the magnet.

5. A translator of the class described comprising a magnet, a starting. circuit, a working circuit and a. holding circuit for the magnet, a movable member having a con tact normally closing the starting circuit and having a contact normally breaking the Working circuit, acontrolling contact in the starting circuit, means operated by the magnet to cause said member to break the starting circuit and close the Working circuit, said means operating said member to break the Working circuit and close the starting circuit and to utilize part of the starting circuit in the holding circuit in case said controlling contact remains closed at the termination of such cycle.

6. A translator of the class described comprising a magnet, a starting circuit and a Working circuit for the magnet, a controlling contact in the starting circuit, a movable member having a contact normally closing the starting circuit and having a contact normally breaking the Working circuit, means operated by the magnet to cause said member to close the working circuit and to breakthe starting circuit after closing of the working circuit, said means operating said member to break the working-circuit and to close the starting circuit at the termination of 1a cycle of operations of the magnet.

"7. Atranslator of the class described comprising a magnet, a starting circuit and a- Working circuit for the magnet, a controlling 7 contact in the starting circuit, a movable member having a contact normally closing the starting circuit and having a contact normally breaking the working circuit, means operated by the magnetto cause said member to close the working circuit and to break the starting circuitafter closing of the working circuit, said means operating said member to close the starting circuit and to break the Working circuit after closing of the starting circuit at the termination of a cycle of operations of the magnet.

8. A translator of the class described comprising a magnet, a starting circuit, a work-- ingclrcuit and a holding circuit for the magnet, a controlling contact in the starting circuit, a movable member, a movable contact in the starting circuit cooperative with said member and normally closed therewith, a movable contact in the working circuit normally out of contact with said member,

means operatedby the magnet to causesaid' member to ,close the working circuit and to break the starting circuit at its said contact after the member closes the working circuit, said means operating said member to break the working circuit at itssaid contact and cuit to -coact with the movable member, a

izsodgaee stop normally retaining said contact o it'of cooperation with said member, and means operated by the magnet to cause said member to close the working circuit before breaking the starting circuit at its said movable contact, and to closethe starting circuit be; fore breaking the working circuit at its said movable contact, at the termination of a cycle of operations of the magnet. i M

10. An electric circuit controlling system comprising a line, a translator having an actuating magnet controlled by signals on the line, circuits for the magnet, and means operated by the magnet to control said circuits, said means causing continued energization of said magnet to cause stopping of the operation of the translator upon a change of normalconditions on the line substantially at the termination of a cycle of operations of said translator.

11. An electric circuit controlling system comprising a line, a translator having an actuating magnet controlled by signals on the line, circuits for the magnet, and means operated by the magnet to control said circuits, said means causing continued energization of said magnet to cause stopping of the opera tion of the translator upon interruption of the line substantially at the termination of a v cycle of operations ofsaid translator.

1.2. At a station of a telegraph typewriter installation, a receiving translator comprising a rotative shaft, a magnet adapted to rotate said shaft step by step by the alternate energization and'de-energization of the'magnet, a transmitting station, a line'between the transmitting stat-ion and the receiving. translator, and means whereby said magnet is maintained constantlyenergized tostop operation of the translator While, the linelis f open substantially upon theltermination of a cycle 0t operations of said translator.

Signed at New York city in the countyfo f: New York and State of New York, this 1st day of February, A. 1917.

lVitnesses:

' T. F. BounNE, r I V WAINRIGHT.

ALLEN D. GARDW I 

